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trail pheromone
Trail pheromones are semiochemicals secreted from the body of an individual to impact the behavior of another individual receiving it. Trail pheromones often serve as a multi purpose chemical secretion in which, it leads members of its own species towards a food source, while representing a territorial mark in the form of an allomone to organisms outside of their species.〔E.O. Wilson and M. Pavan. 1959. Source and Specificity of chemical releasers of social behavior in the dolichoderine ants. Psyche 65: 41-51〕 Specifically, trail pheromones are often incorporated with secretions of more than one exocrine gland to produce a higher degree of specificity. .〔E.O. Wilson. 1962. Chemical communication among workers of the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima (Fr. Smith). 3. The experimental induction of social responses. Anim. Behav. 10:159-164.〕 Considered one of the primary chemical signaling methods in which many social insects depend on, trail pheromone deposition can be considered one of the main facets to explain the success of social insect communication today. Many species of ants, including those in the genus ''Crematogaster'' use trail pheromones.
== Background ==
In 1962, Harvard professor Edward O. Wilson published one of the first concrete studies constructing the groundwork for the notion of trail pheromones.〔 Claiming an odor trail is deposited by the sting apparatus of the hymenopteran ''Solenopsis saevissima'' which results a pathway from the colony to a food source, this study later on encouraged further investigation of how this chemical is laid, how it affects communication between species within and outside of its own, the evolution of the semiochemical, etc.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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